Find the number of inches in a foot, in a yari; the number of half-inches in a foot. State the number of quarter-inches in an inch, in a halfinch, in a foot, in a half-foot. Find an eighth-inch on your rule. Make up questions about the eighth-inch. Find a sixteenth inch on the rule. Ask the class questions about the sixteenth-inch. REPRESENTATION BY SCALE.-Measure the length and the width of your desk; the length and width of your paper. How can we represent the desk on this size of paper? We must draw i: smaller, keeping the exact proportions. We will let three inches represent each foot. How many inches shall we make our representation in length: In width? Decide where it should be placed on the paper to look well, and give a reason for so placing. Place points according to scale to be used. Draw. Represent the rounded lower corners, the ink-well, and the groove according to location and scale. Place points of direction on drawing. Lay it on the floor according to these points. Cut out the drawing. Hold it up so that north will be st the top. What is at the bottom? What at the A SCHOOLROOM. Find the distance between objects in the room. Estimate given distances. Test by measuring. Measure a given number of feet north, south, east, west from some given object out of doors. Measure a rod in the schoolroom, in the schoolyard, in the street. Find the number of yards and the number of feet in it. Pace it. How many paces do you make it? Find the number of rods in one mile. About three feet make a pace. How many paces in a mile? What persons live about a mile from the schoolhouse? What families live within the radius of one mile? Measure the distance between your home and the schoolhouse. Find out the distance in miles to the nearest village or city. Tell by what means you would go there. About how long would it take? Find distances to the next two nearest villages or cities. How would you go to them? Ask the distance to some large city of which you have heard. Think how long it would take to go there. WASHINGTON AVENUE SIDEWALK right? What at the left? Paste the drawing upon a larger piece of paper so that north will be at the top, and south at the bottom. Rule a OUR GLOBE. louble-lined margin. Decide where the name of he representation, the scale of measurement, and Your own name should be placed to make a wellalanced sheet. When completed you have a map of your desk. A MAP is a representation of surface. North is always represented as at the top, south at the bottom, ast at the right hand, ind west at the left rand. REPRESENTATION OF THE SCHOOLROOM. Measire the length and the readth of your school'oom. Represent these measurements to a scale on paper. Measure the listance from each wall o the nearest corner desk n a straight line. Place he four points. Measure he length and breadth of loor space occupied by upils' desks. Place points and sketch in light lines Divide this space to represent aisles and desks. Measure the width of a single desk from left to ight; of a single aisle. MAD SON SON SU RECTORY CHURCH ME R A UBU RN WINTER WASH CITY PARK 103 HANC оск STREE T LIBRARY THE BOULEVARD HOTEL STREET Turn to the maps of the grand divisions. Tell what constitutes a physical or relief map. What does it tell that the other maps do not? How are the highlands represented in these physical maps? The lowlands? The mountain ranges? The rivers? The lakes? Can you think why the peninsulas and capes are given in the physical instead of in the other maps? What is told in all political maps? The physical map represents natural boundaries. What do the political boundaries represent? A PORTION OF A SCHOOL DISTRICT. Measure the distance between desks and the width of a single desk from back to front. Find the number of aisles, the number of rows of desks, and the number of desks in each row. Decide the scale. Draw. Locate the teacher's desk; the doors and windows. Place points of direction; also place a cross to indicate you own desk. If the room is regular in regard to the points of compass, finish the map on this paper; if it is irregular, cut it out and paste as you did the map of your desk. SCHOOL-YARD.-Find the dimensions of the school-yard, the school-buildings, and the walks. Decide on the scale to be used. (It will doubtless be some fractional part of an inch to a yard.) Draw. Indicate location of different objects in the school-yard. Place points of direction. Indicate the boundary of the yard by naming the owners of the adjoining land. AVENU Make a map of some section of country either in or near your school neighborhood. How? Make excursions at different times to the near est hill, stream, pool, or pond. Find the points of direction. Decide what section you wish to map. Walk along the different boundaries. Sketch the map. Indicate any rise of land, stream, or body of water; also any highway, bridge, or other special features. If you want to be more accurate, take a measuring line and get exact dimensions. Place them on the sketch. The next day at school model the section in sand; sketch it on the blackboard, and finally draw a map to a scale. You can make a physical and a political map. OUR GLOBE. A GLOBE is a map representation on a sphere of the principal physical features of our earth. It also represents the prin cipal divisions, towns, and cities which have been made or built by men. OUR GLOBE. Find north, south, east, west, on the globe. odies of water it connects. hich you can find. How many river sysems do you find in each rand division? How many single rivers? Tell which division of the cean receives the greater number of them. Trace one river system and one or more single -ivers in each grand livision. Describe as you race, and indicate the water-partings. Find any rivers which seem o have built out the and at their mouths on he coast. 105 Bombay; Cape Town; Sydney. Tell what you think makes each of these cities of importance. NOTE.-In connection with the study of the World, read of the early visits of the Norsemen from Iceland to the Western Continent. Also read of Marco Polo and the wonderful wealth which he secured in the East Indies, the island groups southeast of Asia. Find out what you can of Cortez; of Pizarro; of Magellan. Marco Polo's travels created great in terest among the nations of Europe, and several unsuccessful attempts were made. to find the East Indies. (See Supplement.) THIS TREE IS NATIVE TO ASIA, BUT GROWS IN EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA. Trace the two cold, the two temperate, and the not belt on the globe. Tell in which belt you find the most land; in which the most water. In which do you find the greatest number of large cities? Why? Find and locate each of the following countries in its grand division: United States, Canada, Mexco; England, Germany, France, Russia; Japan, China, India; Egypt, British South Africa. Find and tell in what country each of the following cities is situated: Washington, New York, Chicago, San Francisco; Montreal; Mexico; Rio Janeiro; London, Paris, St. Petersburg; Pekin, Find out what you can of the knowledge of people in regard to our earth at that time. What did Columbus think? What did he do? Tell all you can about him. From the map on the next page trace the route of the Norsemen from northern Europe to Iceland and then to the land which was afterwards named North America. Trace a route from Europe to the East Indies. Trace the route of Columbus. Trace a route from London to New York across United States and the Pacific Ocean to the Philippine Islands and China. Trace and describe other routes. All sections governed by our country, the United States, are colored the same in this map. Find and name them. From their location tell what some of their products must be. Trace routes of trade and travel between them all. For convenience in study, maps of the globe are often made like the one on the next page. You see that the northern and southern parts are drawn too wide because the curve of the sphere is not taken into account. Compare it with the maps of the hemispheres on the following two pages. around the earth where there is the least land. This line divides the earth into the Eastern and Western Hemispheres Trace the line on the globe. Tell at what points the continents approach nearest each other. What bodies of water separate them at these points? Which hemisphere has more land? Which has more water? Commencing at the northern ex A HEMISPHERE is half a sphere or globe. For convenience the line dividing tremity of North America, trace the coast-line of the globe into hemispheres is drawn the Western Continent. Name the most northern, |