Dacia: 364-72.
Damages: not awarded in case of Doel-
wyk, 409; award of, in case of Carthage,
417; award of, in case of Manouba,
457-

Dashing Wave: 391, 420.

Davis, Jefferson: invites applications for
letters of marque, 261.
Days of grace: 10; 35-44.
Debts: owing Hesse-Cassel confiscated by
Napoleon, 144-45.

Declaration of London: Austria willing to
act in conformity with, 35; Article 57,
361-62; 365; presumptions in regard
to hostile destination, 422; Article 47,
in case of Manouba, 454; adoption of
regulation for convoy, 477-78 n.; 492-
96.

Declaration of neutrality: 259-66.
Declaration of Paris: reason for non-ac-
cession of U.S. to, 36; violation of rule
protecting goods under neutral flag,
420 n.; abolition of privateering, 479 n.;
neutral property on destroyed vessels,
510-12; 588 n.

Declaration of war: joint resolution of
U.S. Congress considered by Spain to
be, 25; by Russia against Japan, 30-31;
by Japan against Russia, 31-32; noti-
fication by Austria of, against Servia,
34-35; by U.S. Congress against Spain,
37; never made in Civil War, 261; Ital-
ian decree fixes date of, 405; not neces-
sary to constitute war, 407.
Decrees, French: illegal seizures under, 3.
Definition of a vessel of war: by belliger-
ent governments, 311-21.
Delays: in prize proceedings, 501-02.
De Martens: condemns judgment in
Springbok, 401.

Denmark: enters Scandinavian League
for protection of neutrality, 615; enters
Armed Neutrality, 617.
Destination: Judge Betts defines, neces-
sary to confiscate contraband, 388-89;
Confederate uniform cloth not con-
demned in absence of proof of hostile,
391; proof of ultimate hostile, see Civil
War cases, 381-405; of contraband, to
land-locked states, 408; presumptions
to establish proof of, 421; word of com-
mander of convoy accepted, 478 n.;
in case of contraband, see case of Frye,
517-27; hostile, in the case of supplies
to German municipalities, 560.
Destruction: of the Mahdi's tomb, 193-
95; of neutral property on enemy
vessels, 510-12; of neutral prizes,

513-27.

Detention camp: American Embassy
investigates, in Isle of Man, 233-34.
Deutschland: 317-21.

Devastation: not permissible unless ne-
cessary, 138-39; Russsians charged
with, in East Prussia, 145-46; of
Georgia, 172-73; of neutral property,
541.

De Wet: makes use of the white flag, 68-
69; releases British prisoners of war, 206.
Diplomatic agents: seizure of Mason and
Slidell, case of Trent, 458 f.

Diplomatic corps: protests against the
bombardment of Paris without notifi-
cation, 112-14; prevented by German
authorities from leaving Paris, 113.
Diplomatic intercourse: with British
Minister discontinued by U.S., 285; re-
call of Mr. Dumba, 286-87.
Diplomatic propriety: violation of, by
Austrian Ambassador to U.S., 286-87.
Diplomatic relations: severance of, be-
tween U.S. and Spain, 25; between
Russia and Japan, 28, 29 n., 30.
Diplomats: and dispatches immune in
neutral jurisdiction, 462.
Dispatches: seizure of, case of Atalanta,

tial Claims case, 15, 16, 18.

Emden at Penang: 73-76.

Eminent domain: temporary exercise of,
by belligerents, 138.

Emperor William's protest to President
Wilson: 227-28.
Endraght: 375:

Enemies: resident alien, treatment of,
44-48.

Enemy: merchant vessels of, status of, in
U.S. ports at outbreak of Spanish-
American War, 37-38; liberal treat-
ment accorded Buena Ventura, 39-43;
merchant vessels of, in British ports at
outbreak of Crimean War, 40-41; in
French ports, 41; Perkeo (German) not
considered to come under Hague Con-
vention re days of grace, 44; alien, Rus-
sia's treatment of Germans and Austrians,
47-48; possesses no right to appear in
court, 106; may be heard under spe-
cial circumstances, 106; alien; definition
of, 128; alien, cannot enforce rights in
courts, 128; alien, may be sued, 130;
alien, German merchants permitted to
remain in Japan, 132; have access to
Japanese courts, 133; trading with, ex-
tension of restrictions on, 130-32; alien,
sequestration of property of, by Con-
federate States, 133-36.
Enemy character: 346-56; application of
principles in case of enemy vessel
owned by neutrals, 360; German-
owners of Hocking secure American
registry, 361.

Enemy goods: on U.S. vessels declared
lawful prize by France, 4.
Enemy origin: Allies decide to seize goods
of, by way of reprisal, 564.
Enemy service: Mr. Worth accused of
rendering, by attempted escape, 91-99.
Enemy trading: see Blacklisting of
American Merchants, 602.
Enforced guide: 120.

Enforcement: of respect for neutral rights,
protests ineffectual, 599.
Enforcement of neutral rights: independ-
ent action taken by state for, 608-15,
collective action towards, 615-22.
En haute mer: use of phrase, in Declara-
tion of London, III.

Enlistments: enforced, of Belgians, 165.
En pleine mer: use of phrase, in Hague
Conventions, III.

Equality of treatment: in applying block-
ade, etc., 432 ff.; 441.

Escape of German interns: 49-53.
Essex: 381 n.

Evans, Sir Samuel: President of Admiralty
Division, High Court of Justice: judg-
ment of, in the Moewe, 105-11; issues
order to requisition cargo of Zamora,
502; delivers judgment in Pontoporos,
528-30.

Evarts: argument of, against condemna-
tion in case of Springbok, 400-01.
Exception of hostile service: 558.
Exception of unneutral service: 452.
Exchange: rate of, fall in, necessitates
Anglo-French loan, 323.

Exchange case: cited in case of Appam,

307.

Exemption: from capture, certain vessels
possess, 108.

Exequaturs: of consuls in Belgium, 147–
50; of British consuls annulled by U.S.,
285.

Expeditions: hostile, 325.
Expenses: see Costs.
Explosion at Laon: 165–66.
Expulsion: 44-48.

Extension of Powers Act: 130–32.
Extraterritorial jurisdiction: see Black-
listing of American Merchants.

Falaba: 574-77.

Farn: U.S. considers, to have become
German without condemnation of
prize court, 308 n.
Fauchille: comparison by, of Doelwyk
and Springbok cases, 408 n.
Fay, Robert: activities of, 334-36.
Federal Reserve Board: operations of,
not related to neutrality, 324 n.
Filibustering: case of Ban Righ, 8 n.
Fine: imposition of, on Lunéville, 161-62.
Fines: for alleged attacks on German
troops, 161-63; Brussels fined for action
of constable, 165; on population of
Lorraine (1871), 245.

Firearms: use of, formerly against mili-
tary honor, 116.

Fishing vessels: coastal, exempt from
capture, 108.
Flad Oyen: 506-09.

Flag (see also American flag; White flag):
Emden makes use of enemy, 74; of
truce, used as decoy, 80; of truce, use of,
by Arnold, 81 n., 83-84; abuse of Jap-
anese, by Russians, 99; of truce, illegal
use of, by Arabi Pasha, 222-23; of truce,

Minister to settle claims, 11.

Fontenoy: burning of, 245.
Foodstuffs; see Provisions.

Force: various arguments why the 'block-
ading powers' should not receive pref-
erence for employment of, 16.
Force majeure: neutrals prevented by,
from leaving Paris in 1870, 112.
Forced collection of an insurgent draft:
143-45.

Forced loans of neutral property: 539-

41.

Forced sale: of U.S. cargoes by France, 4.
Forces: land and naval, President of U.S.
empowered to use, 25, 26.
Foreign Enlistment Act: 340.
Foreign loans: 321-25.

Fort Sumter: attack on, 261.
Fox, Charles James, British Foreign Sec-
retary: announces blockade of Prussian
rivers, 590.

France (see also Jusserand, Poincaré, Tal-
leyrand): accused by Germany of using
dum-dums, 227; refuses to coin money
for Spain in 1898, 267; Russian fleet
sojourns in French colonial waters
during Russo-Japanese War, 295; con-
demnation of Dacia by prize court of,
for illegal transfer of flag, 364; does not
consider aeroplane destined to neutral
port as contraband, 415; submits cases
of Carthage and Manouba to arbitra-
tion, 414, 453; Continental System of,

Francs-tireurs: in Franco-Prussian War,
251-52.

Fraud: effects of, 387.

Frederick the Great: first to make general
use of the bayonet, 116-17.
Freedom of the seas: effect of British mine
area, 422.

Freight: not confiscated for carriage of
small amount of contraband, 379.
Frémont, General: excess of military
powers by, in Civil War, 141-43.
Friendschaft: 355.
Friendship: 447-49.

Fromageot, Henri: award of, in case of
William Hardman, 536-38.
Fryatt, Captain: execution of, 124-27.
Frye: see William P. Frye.

Fuller, Chief Justice: delivers opinion in
Three Friends, 263-66.

Further proof: when should be allowed,
430 f.

Fusinato: member of Hague Tribunal in
cases of Carthage and Manouba, 416.

Gases: use of asphyxiating, 117-18.
Geier: 298-99, 312.
General: 412.
Genesee: 363.

Genêt, French Minister to U.S.: recall of,

3.

Geneva Convention: adapted to naval
warfare by Hague Convention, 53-54.
Georgia: devastation of, 172-73.
Gerard, U.S. Ambassador at Berlin: action
of, in case of Fryatt, 127; reports on
treatment of British prisoners of war
in Germany, 209-210.

German animadversions on American
neutrality: 271-73.

German merchants in Japan: 132-33.
German prize cases: 511-12.
German Prize Ordinance: 380.
German proclamations: 163-65.
Germans poison wells in Africa: 178-79.
Germany (see also Bethmann-Hollweg,
Bernstorff, Bismarck, Zimmerman):
British interned civilians in, 44; em-
ployment, by military forces of, of as-
phyxiating gases, 117; treatment of
Belgian non-combatants by, 119, 120,
121, 150, 151, 153, 159, 160, 162, 163,
165, 166, 167, 173, 185, 237, 242, 243;
execution of Captain Fryatt, 124; with-
draws exequaturs of consuls in Bel-
gium, 147; action of, towards French
non-combatants, 157, 161, 184; execu-
tion of Miss Cavell, 196; treatment
of British prisoners of war in, 209; Zep-
pelin attacks by, 213; retains French
prisoners after Franco-Prussian War,
250; criticizes neutrality of U.S., 271;
protests against seizure of merchant
vessels by Great Britain during Boer
War, 409; so-called blockade of, by
Allies, 437; suggestion by, that U.S.
convoy her own vessels, 477; institutes
submarine war zone, 485; destruction
of neutral prize by, 517; embargo
against neutral property bound to or
from, 563; sinking of the Lusitania by,
571.

Gertrude: 391.

Gessner: condemns judgment in Spring-
bok, 401.

many, 250-55.

Good offices: of U.S. employed in Vene-
zuelan dispute, 10.

Gordon, General J. B.: account by, of cap-
ture of Union spies, 87-90.
Governmental functions: obligation of
the neutral states not to perform, 267.
Grace, days of: 35-44.

Grant, General: extends general amnesty
to Lee's army, 59; replaces Sherman, 61;
instructions sent to, re surrender of
Lee, 61; approves terms of Johnston's
surrender, 62; relates incident of white
flag from Vicksburg, 69; President of
U.S.: proclamation of, against hover-
ing, 570.

Grant, Sir William: judgment of, in
William, 382-83 n.

Granville, Lord, British Foreign Secre-

tary: action of, in case of Mr. Worth,
91, 98; letter of Worth to, 95-99; makes
no objection to Prussian volunteer
navy, 479 n.; representations of, in
Duclair incident, 546.

Great Britain (see also Balfour, Claren-
don, Grey, Lansdowne, Russell, Salis-
bury, Spring-Rice, Lord Stanley): Ger-
man interned civilians in, 44; Trading
with the Enemy Act, 130; lays mine
field in North Sea, 214; accusations
against, by Germany re Baralong inci-
dent, 218; Report of Bryce Commission,
229; segregation of submarine prison-
ers by, 238; recognition by, of Con-
federate belligerency, 260; violation by,
of Chilean neutrality in case of Dresden,
274; illegal recruiting by officials of, in
U.S. during Crimean War, 278; pays
damages to U.S. for Alabama claims,
336; application by, of doctrine of ulti-
mate destination, 418; action of, in
Trent affair, 458; restores men removed
from the China, 463; censorship of
cablegrams by, 565; seizure of mails
by, 566; interdict of, against trade with

Germany, 596; blacklisting of American
merchants by, 599; protest of, against
obstruction of Confederate ports, 623.
Grey, Sir Edward, British Foreign Secre-
tary: receives copy of note verbale re
Austro-Serbian War, 34; note of, re
the Paklat, 101-04; communication
from, to U.S. Ambassador re Captain
Fryatt, 126; requests U.S. Ambassa-
dor to inquire re Edith Cavell, 196;
note of, re execution of Miss Cavell,
203-04; note to, from Ambassador
Page, re transfer of wounded prisoners
of war, 211; statement of, re laying
of mines by Great Britain, 216-17;
reply of, re the Baralong, 221; suggests
investigation by U.S. naval officers,
221; statement by, on treatment of
German submarine crews when pris-
oners of war, 239; announces same
treatment for submarine crews as for
other prisoners of war, 241; note of,
to U.S. Ambassador, re prisoners' use
of tobacco, 245-46; apologizes to
Chilean Government for attack on
Dresden, 277-78; on the activities of
Robert Fay, 334; on transfer to neutral
flag of enemy ships owned by neutral
companies, 360; contention of, re per-
sons removed from the China, 464–65;
considers Trent case dissimilar, 465;
note of, re the Wico, 500; on consign-
ments to Netherlands Oversea Trust,
501-02; explains British action, re
Neches, 562-63; on use of neutral flag
by belligerent vessels, 587-88; represen-
tations of, re Swedish reprisals for Brit-
ish seizure of mails, 608-14.
Grotius: views of, cited in Franciska, 433.
Guarantee: collective, of neutralization
of Luxemburg, 104.

Guerrilla warfare: 167-68; in Franco-
Prussian War, 251-52.
Guide: enforced, 120.
Gulflight: 574-77.

Hague: see The Hague.
Hague Tribunal: see The Hague.
Hall, W. E.: on transfer of enemy vessels
to neutral flag, 366; condemns judg-
ment in Springbok, 401; on Prussian
volunteer navy in 1870, 479 n.
Halleck: on implements of war, 114-15;
on Hesse-Cassel debts, 145 n.
Hammarskjöld: member of Hague Tri-
bunal in cases of Carthage and Ma-
nouba, 416.
Harcourt, W. Vernon: opinion of, re
Springbok, 397-98; see "Historicus."

Hellig, Olav: 608.

Herbert, Sir Michael, British Ambassador
at Washington: negotiates protocol re
Preferential Claims Arbitration, 13, 14.
Herzog: 412.

"Historicus": opinion of, re Trent affair,
462 n.; see also Harcourt, W. Vernon.
Hocking: 361-64.

Holland, T. E.: on case of Knight Com-
mander, 517.

Honor, military: see Military honor.
Horses: illegal requisition of, 159.
Hospital: Red Cross, alleged attack on,
162.

Hospital ship: Russian, condemned by
Japanese prize court, 53-54.

Hospital ships: exempt from capture, 108.
Hostages: responsibility of, for execu-
tion of German military orders, 162;
taken by Germans as security against
attack on communications, 164; taken
by Germany, 243; taken by Germany
in Franco-Prussian War, 245; seamen
held as, 554.

Hostile expeditions: 325.

Hostile service: exception of, 558.
Hostilities: commencement of, in the
Russo-Japanese War, 26-34; termina-
tion of, 249-55; commencement of, held
to date in Civil War from proclamation
of blockade, 261.

House in trade: enemy character of, 355.
Hovering in the vicinity of American
ports: 569-70.

Human screens: 121.

Humane consideration for troops strug-
gling in the water: 190-91.
Humanity: Beauregard protests against
wanton pillage in interest of, 137-40;
restrictions for the general interest of,
177-204; German protest against em-
ployment of colored troops, 187-89;
Belgian relief, 212-13; protest of Em-
peror William against use of dum-dums,
227-28; Colonel Peters disobeys orders
from dictates of, 235-36; protection of
general interests of, 623-26.
Hydroaeroplanes: 379-80.

Inland state: see Land-locked state.
Innovation: what constitutes, in inter-
national law, 404.

In preparatorio: examination, 392 n.
Inquiry, Commission of: see Commis-
sion of Inquiry.

Institute of International Law: criticizes
Springbok decision, 401; discussion of
preemption, 557.

Insurer: government not, against illegal
acts of soldiers, 534.

Insurgency: neutrality laws of U.S. apply
to condition of, 263-66; distinction be-
tween recognition of, and of belliger-
ency, 264.
Insurgents: funds of, seized by U.S. au-
thorities, 143-45; obligation of neutral
states not prematurely to recognize
the independence of, 270-71.
Intercourse: suspension of commercial,
between U.S. and France, 5; diplo-
matic, with British Minister discon-
tinued by U.S., 285; diplomatic, recall
of Mr. Dumba, 286-87.
Interdict: British, 596-99.
International communications: freedom
of, 565-69.

International law (see also Law of nations):
respect for, on the part of individuals,
235-36.

International Prize Court: 488-92.
International trade: 590-607.
Interned civilians: British and German,