navigation, which shall not immediately become common to the other party, who shall enjoy the same freely, if the concession was freely made, or on allowing the same compensation, if the concession was conditional. 1824. October 3. U. States at li coasts & coun ombia, to re ART. 3. The citizens of the United States may frequent all Citizens of the the coasts and countries of the Republic of Colombia, and re- berty to freside and trade there, in all sorts of produce, manufactures, quent all the and merchandise, and shall pay no other or greater duties, tries of the Recharges, or fees, whatsoever, than the most favored nation is public of Color shall be obliged to pay; and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions in navigation and commerce, which the most favored nation does or shall enjoy, submitting themselves, nevertheless, to the laws, decrees, and usages, there established, and to which are submitted the subjects and citizens of the most favored nations. side and trade there, &c. to citizens of In like manner the citizens of the Republic of Colombia may Same in relation frequent all the coasts and countries of the United States, and Colombia, reside and trade there, in all sorts of produce, manufactures, and merchandise, and shall pay no other or greater duties, charges, or fees whatsoever, than the most favored nation is or shall be obliged to pay, and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions in navigation and commerce, which the most favored nation does or shall enjoy; submitting themselves, nevertheless, to the laws, decrees, and usages, there established, and to which are submitted the subjects and citizens of the most favored nations. own business; citizens of the most favored to be treated as nation. ART. 4. It is likewise agreed that it shall be wholly free Merchants, for all merchants, commanders of ships, and other citizens of commanders of ships, and other both countries, to manage themselves their own business in all citizens of both ports and places subject to the jurisdiction of each other, as well to manage their countries, &c. with respect to the consignment and sale of their goods and merchandise by wholesale or retail, as with respect to the loading, unloading, and sending off their ships, they being in all these cases to be treated as citizens of the country in which they reside, or at least to be placed on a footing with the subjects or citizens of the most favored nation. ART. 5. The citizens of neither of the contracting parties Citizens of neishall be liable to any embargo, nor be detained with their ther of the contracting parties vessels, cargoes, merchandises, or effects, for any military shall be liable expedition, nor for any public or private purpose, whatever, go, &c. without allowing to those interested a sufficient indemnifica to any embar 1824. October 3. ART. 6°. Siempre que los Ciudadanos de alguna de las partes contratantes se vieren precisados á buscár refujio, ó asilo en los rios, habias, puertos, ó dominios de la otra, con sus buques, ya sean mercantes, ó de guerra, publicos ó particulares, por mal tiempo, persecucion de piratas ó enemigos, serán recibidos y tratado con humanidad, dondoles todo favor y proteccion para reparar sus buques, procurár viveres, y ponerse en situacion de continuar su viaje, sin obstaculo ó estorbo de ningun genero. ART. 7°. Todos los buques, mercaderias y efectos pertenecientes a los Ciudadanos de una de las partes contratantes, que sean apresados por piratas, bien sea dentro de los limites de su jurisdiccion, ó en alta mar, y fueren llevados, ó hallados en los rios, radas, bahias, puertos, ó dominios de la otra, seràn entregados á sus dueños, probando estos en la forma propia y debida sus derechos ante los Tribunales competentes; bien entendido que el reclamo ha de hacerse dentro del termino de un año, por las mismas partes, sus apoderados ó Agentes de los respectivos Gobiernos. ART. 8°. Cuando algun buque perteneciente á los ciudadnos de alguna de las partes contratantes, naufrague, encalle, ó sufra alguno averia, en las costas, ó dentro de los dominios de la otra, se les dará toda ayuda y proteccion, del mismo modo que es uso y costumbre, con los buques de la nacion en donde suceda la averia; permitiendoles descargar el dicho buque (si fuere necessario) de sus mercaderias y efectos, sin cobrar por esto hasta que sean esportados, ningun derecho, impuesto ó contribucion. ART. 9°. Los ciudadanos de cada una de las partes contratantes, tendrán pleno podér para disponer de sus bienes personales dentro de la jurisdiccion de la otra, por venta, donacion, testamento, ó de otro modo; y sus representantes, siendo ciudadanos de la otra parte, succederán á sus dichos bienes personales, ya sea por testamento ó ab intestato, y podran tomar posesion de ellos, ya sea por si mismos, ó por otros, que obren por ellos, y disponer de los mismos, segun su voluntad, pagando aquellas cargas solamente, que los habitantes del pais en donde estan los referidos bienes, estuvieren sujetos, á pagar en iguales casos. Y si en el caso de bienes raices, los dichos herederos fuesen impedidos de entrar en la posesion de la herencia por razon de su caracter de estrangeros, se les dará el termino de tres años, para disponer de ella como juzguen conveniente, y para estraér el producto sin molestia, y esentos de todo derecho de deduccion, por parte del Gobierno de los respectivos Estados. 1824. October 3. ART. 6. Whenever the citizens of either of the contracting parties shall be forced to seek refuge or asylum in the rivers, bays, ports, or dominions, of the other, with their vessels, Whenever the whether merchant or of war, public or private, through stress citizens of either party seek of weather, pursuit of pirates, or enemies, they shall be re- refuge, in the ceived and treated with humanity, giving to them all favor dominions, &c. and protection for repairing their ships, procuring provisions, and placing themselves in a situation to continue their voyage without obstacle or hindrance of any kind. of the other, they are to be treated as friends, &c. the citizens of belonging to either party captured by pirates, and found within the do minions of eith ART. 7. All the ships, merchandise, and effects belonging to All ships, &c. the citizens of one of the contracting parties, which may be captured by pirates, whether within the limits of its jurisdiction or on the high seas, and may be carried or found in the rivers, roads, bays, ports, or dominions, of the other, shall be delivered up to the owners, they proving in due and proper form their rights before the competent tribunals; it being well understood that the claim should be made within the term of one year by the parties themselves, their attorneys, or agents of their respective governments. er, to be delivered up to the owners. &c. within the dominions of each other. power to dis ART. 8. When any vessel belonging to the citizens of either Assistance and of the contracting parties shall be wrecked, foundered, or rendered in protection to be shall suffer any damage on the coasts, or within the domin- case of wrecks, ions of the other, there shall be given to them all assistance and protection in the same manner which is usual and customary with the vessels of the nation where the damage happens, permitting them to unload said vessel, if necessary, of its merchandises and effects, without exacting for it any duty, impost, or contribution whatever, until they may be exported. ART. 9. The citizens of each of the contracting parties Citizens of each shall have power to dispose of their personal goods within the party shall have jurisdiction of the other, by sale, donation, testament, or other- pose of their goods and efwise, and their representatives, being citizens of the other fects within the party, shall succeed to their said personal goods, whether by jurisdiction of the other, by testament or ab intestato, and they may take possession there- sale, testament, of, either by themselves or others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their will, paying such dues only as the inhabitants of the country, wherein the said goods are, shall be subject to pay in like cases: And if, in the case of real estate, the said heirs, would be prevented from entering into the pos- lowed 3 years session of the inheritance, on account of their character of to dispose of their property. aliens, there shall be granted to them the term of three years to dispose of the same, as they may think proper, and to withdraw the proceeds without molestation, and exempt from all rights of detraction, on the part of the government of the respective states. or otherwise. Alien heirs al 1824. ART. 10°. Ambas partes contratantes se comprometen y October 3. obligan formalmente á dar su proteccion especial á las personas y propriedades de los ciudadanos de cada una reciprocamente transeuntes ó habitantes de todas ocupaciones, en los territorios sujetos á la jurisdiccion de una y otra, dejandoles abiertos y libres los tribunales de justicia, para sus recursos judiciales, en los mismos terminos que son de uso y costumbre para los naturales ó ciudadanos del pais en que residan; para lo cual, podrán emplear en defensa de sus derechos aquellos abogados, procuradores, escribanos, agentes, ó factores que juzguen conveniente, en todos sus asuntos y litigios; y dichos ciudadanos ó agentes tendrán la libre facultad de estar presentes en las decisiones y sentencias de los tribunales, en todos les casos que les conciernan, como igualmente al tomar todos los examenes y declaraciones que se ofrezcan en los dichos litigios. ART. 11. Se conviene igualmente en que los ciudadanos de ambas partes contratantes gozen la mas perfecta y entera seguridad de conciencia en los paises sujetos á la jurisdiccion de una ú otra, sin quedar por ello espuestos á ser inquietados ó molestados en razon de su creencia religiosa, mientras que respeten las leyes y usos establecidos. Ademas de esto, podrán sepultarse los cadaveres de los ciudadanos de una de las partes contratantes, que fallecieren en los territorios de la otra, en los cementerios acostumbrados ó en otros lugares decentes, y adecuados, los cuales serán protejidos contra toda violacion ó trastorno. ART. 12°. Será licito a los cuidadanos de la republica de Colombia, y de los Estados Unidos de America navegar con sus buques, con toda seguridad, de cualquiera puerto á las plazas ó lugares de los que son ó fueron en adelante enemigos de cualquiera de las dos partes contratantes, sin hacerse distincion de quienes son los dueños de las mercaderias cargadas en ellos. Será igualmente licito á los referidos ciudadanos navegar con sus buques y mercaderias mencionadas y traficár con la misma libertad y seguridad, de los lugares, puertos y ensenadas de los enemigos de ambas partes, ó de alguna de ellas, sin ninguna oposicion, ó disturbio cualquiera, no solo directamente de las lugares de enemigo arriba mencionados á lugares neutros, sino tambien de un lugar perteneciente á un enemigo, á otro enemigo, y sea que esten bajo la jurisdiccion de una potencia, ó bajo la de diversas. Y queda aqui estipulado, que los buques libres, dan tambien libertad á las mercaderirs, y que se ha de considerar libre y esento todo lo que se 1824. October 3. ART. 10. Both the contracting parties promise and engage, formally to give their special protection to the persons and property of the citizens of each other, of all occupations, who Complete promay be in the territories subject to the jurisdiction of the one tection in peror the other, transient or dwelling therein, leaving open and sons and property in the ter free to them the tribunals of justice for their judicial recourse, ritories of both on the same terms which are usual and customary, with the redress, &c. nations, legal natives or citizens of the country in which they may be; for which they may employ in defence of their rights such advocates, solicitors, notaries, agents, and factors, as they may judge proper, in all their trials at law; and such citizens or agents shall have free opportunity to be present at the decisions and sentences of the tribunals, in all cases which may concern them, and likewise at the taking of all examinations and evidence which may be exhibited in the said trials. science and ART. 11. It is likewise agreed that the most perfect and en- Liberty of contire security of conscience may be enjoyed by the citizens of rites of burial both the contracting parties, in the countries subject to the secured. jurisdiction of the one and the other, without their being liable to be disturbed or molested on account of their religious belief, so long as they respect the laws and established usages of the country. Moreover, the bodies of the citizens of one of the contracting parties, who may die in the territories of the other, shall be buried in the usual burying grounds, or in other decent or suitable places, and shall be protected from violation or disturbance. with those at enmity with ei ther, &c. ART. 12. It shall be lawful for the citizens of the United Both parties at States of America and of the Republic of Colombia to sail with liberty to trade their ships, with all manner of liberty and security, no distinction being made, who are the proprietors of the merchandises laden thereon, from any port to the places of those who now are or hereafter shall be at enmity with either of the contracting parties. It shall likewise be lawful for the citizens aforesaid to sail with the ships and merchandises beforementioned, and to trade with the same liberty and security from the places, ports, and havens, of those who are enemies of both or either party, without any opposition or disturbance whatsoever, not only directly from the places of the enemy, beforementioned, to neutral places, but also from one place belonging to an enemy to another place belonging to an enemy, whether they be under the jurisdiction of one power or under several. And it is hereby stipulated, that free ships Free ships to shall also give freedom to goods, and that every thing shall make free goods. be deemed to be free and exempt, which shall be found on |