rer, and sent up to Conestogoe by the first Opportunity, vizt: twenty five Strowd Matchcoats, twenty Blanketts, twenty Duffels, twenty five Shirts, one hundred wt. Gunpowder, two hundred wt. of Lead, five hundred Flints, & fifty Knives, with Rum, Bread, Pipes & Tobacco, together with such Provisions as may be necessary for the Governour & his Company.

It was moved that a Day should be appointed for the Tryal of John & Walter Winters, that Notice thereof may be given to the Indians, but the same was deferr'd until the Chief Justice should be consulted thereon.

At a Council held at Philadia., May 20th, 1728.

PRESENT:

The Honbl PATRICK GORDON, Esqr., Lieut. Govr.

James Logan,

Saml. Preston,
William Fishbourn,

Clement Plumsted,

Thomas Laurence,

Esq'rs.

The Governour acquainted the Board, that John Smith & Nicholas Schonoven, two Indian Traders from Pechoquealin, near Durham Iron Works, had this day delivered him a verbal message from Kakow-watchy, the Chief of the Shawanese there, to this Effect: That he having heard that the Flattheads, (Indians so called) were come into this Province with a design to make war upon our Indians, he had sent eleven of his men armed to enquire into the truth of the report, with orders to assist our Indians in case the same should be true; that their provisions failed them, & they were oblig'd to gett from our inhabitants wherewithal to subsist, but that they offered no rudeness till our people used them ill, & fired upon them, that he is very sorry for what has happened, & that he has a great love for us all as his Brethren, but that one of their number is wounded & lost his gun, which he desires may be sent.

The Board taking the same into Consideration, ORDERED that an Answer be sent to the above message, to inform Kakow-watchy of the Imprudent conduct of these eleven Indians, & the Confusion that has happen'd thro' their means, & to warn them to be more cautious in their Behaviour for the future, that the Govr. may probably see them some time in the Fall at Durham, & care shall be taken to enquire for the gun. That three Matchcoats be sent to Kakow-watchy as a present, together with the Matchcoat Belt and Hatchet which were left by their Indians, & that forty shillings be given to each of the said messengers for their trouble & expence, with their entertainment in Town for two Days.

MEMORANDUM: Pursuant to Appointment with the Indians at Conostogoe, the Governour attended with some members of Council, & divers other gentlemen, to the number of about thirty, who voluntarily offered their company thither, sett out from Philadelphia on the 22d of May, & on the 23d in the evening came to the House of Mr. Andrew Cornish, about a mile distant from the Indian town. The 21th & 25th days were spent in waiting for some other persons ex

pected at the Treaty & in mutual civilities, & on the 26th the Treaty began as followes :

At a Council held at the Indian Town of Conestogoe, May 26th, 1728.

PRESENT:

The Honble PATRICK GORDON, Esqr., Lieut. Govr.

Some Members of Council & divers other Gentlemen.

Oholykon,

Peyeashickon,

Chiefs of some of the Delaware Indians on
Brandywine.

Wikimikyona,

Shakawtawlin or Sam, Interpreter from the English into the Del

aware.

Captain Civility, Interpreter from the Delaware into the Shawanese and Mingoe (alias Conestogoe.)

Pomapechtoa, Interpreter from the Delaware into the Ganawese Language.

Mr. Nicholas Scull,

Mr. John Scull,

Mr. Peter Bizallion,

Assistant Interpreters.

The Govr. spoke as followes:

My Friends & Brethren:

"You are sensible that the Great William Penn, the Father of "this Countrey, when he first brought his people with him over the "broad Sea, took all the Indians and the old Inhabitants by the hand, " & because he found them to be a sincere honest people, he took "them to his heart & loved them as his own. He then made a strong "League & chain of Friendship with them, by which it was agreed "that the Indians & the English, with all the Christians, should be "as one People.

"Your Friend & Father Wm. Penn still retained a warm affection "for all the Indians, & strictly commanded those whom he sent to govern this people to treat the Indians as his children, & continued in "this kind love for them until his death.

"His sons have now sent me over in their stead, & they gave me "strict charge to love all the Indians as their Brethren, & as their

"father William Penn loved you. I would have seen you before this "time, but I fell sick soon after I came over, & continued so till next "Spring. I then waited to receive some of the five Nations who came to see me at Philadelphia, & last Fall I heard you were all "gone out a hunting.

"I am now come to see you, and to renew the ancient Friendship "which has been between William Penn's People and you. I was "in hopes that Sassoonan & Opekasset, with their People, would "have been likewise here, they have sent me kind Messages & have a warm Love for the Christians. I believe they will come to me "at Philadelphia, for since they could not gett hither I have desired "them to meet me there.

"I am now to discourse with my Brethren, the Conestogoes, De- . lawares, Ganawese & Shawanese Indians upon Susquehannah, & "to speak in Love to them.

My Brethren :

"You have been faithfull to your Leagues with us, your Hearts "have been clean, & you have preserved the Chain from Spotts or "Rust, or if there were any you have been carefull to wipe them

away; your Leagues with your Father William Penn, & with his "Governours are in Writing on Record, that our Children & our "Childrens Children may have them in everlasting Remembrance. “And we Know that you preserve the memory of those things "amongst you by telling them to your Children, & they again to "the next Generation, so that they remain stamp'd on your Minds "( never to be forgott.

"The Chief Heads or Strongest Links of this Chain I find are "these Nine, vizt:

1st. "That all William Penns People or Christians, and all the "Indians should be brethren, as the Children of one Father, joyned "together as with one Heart, one Head & one Body.

2d. "That all Paths should be open and free to both Christians "and Indians.

3d. "That the Doors of the Christians Houses should be open to "the Indians & the Houses of the Indians open to the Christians, & "they should make each other welcome as their Friends.

4th. "That the Christians should not believe any false Rumours or Reports of the Indians, nor the Indians believe any such Ru66 mours or Reports of the Christians, but should first come as Breth"6 ren to enquire of each other; And that both Christians & Indians, "when they hear any such false Reports of their Brethren, they "should bury them as in a bottomless Pitt.

5th. "That if the Christians hear any ill news that may be to "the Hurt of the Indians, or the Indians hear any such ill news that "may be to the Injury of the Christians, they should acquaint each "other with it speedily as true Friends & Brethren.

6th. "That the Indians should do no manner of Harm to the "Christians nor their Creatures nor the Christians do any Hurt to any Indians, but each treat the other as their Brethren.

66

7th. "But as there are wicked People in all Nations, if either

"Indians or Christians should do any harm to each other, Complaint "should be made of it by the Persons Suffering that Right may be "done, & when Satisfaction is made, the Injury or Wrong should be "forgott & be buried as in a bottomless Pitt.

8th. "That the Indians should in all things assist the Christians, " & the Christians assist the Indians against all wicked People that "would disturb them.

9th. "And lastly, that both Christians & Indians should acquaint "their Children with this League & firm Chain of Friendship made "between them, & that it should always be made stronger & stronger " & be kept bright & clean, without Rust or Spott between our Chil"dren and Childrens Children, while the Creeks and Rivers run, "and while the Sun, Moon & Stars endure.

"And for a Confirmation on our Parts of all these Several Arti"cles, We bind them with these Several Parcels of Goods, vizt : 1 Cwt. of Gunpowder,

20 Strowd Matchcoats,

20 Duffells,

20 Blanketts,

20 Shirts,

2 Cwt. of Lead,

500 Flints,

50 Knives,

After which the Governour proceeded & said.

"My Brethren :

"I have now spoke to the League and Chain of Friendship, first "made by your Father William Penn with your Fathers, which is "confirmed. I am now to acquaint you with an unhappy Accident "that has afflicted me & all good People amongst us, and we lament " & mourn with you on the heavy Misfortune.

"About forty days agoe we heard that the Twechtweys were "coming as Enemies against this Countrey. I believe it is false, "for we never hurt the Twechtweys; And about eighteen Days since "I received an Express from the Iron works at Mahanatawny, ac66 quainting me that Eleven forreign Indians, painted for War, & "armed with Guns, Pistoles and Swords, were come amongst our "Inhabitants, plundering them & taking away their Provisions by "Force, whereupon some of our People, to the number of twenty men, with Arms, went to speak to them Civilly but the Indians "fired upon them & wounded some of them; Our men likewise fired on the Indians & wounded some of them also, but the Indians fired "first. It was very ill done to fire.

"As soon as I had this Account I took horse and went to Maha"natawny with several Gentlemen of Philadelphia, but the Indians (6 were gone off. I found our People believed there were more "coming, and therefore some Hundreds mett together with their "Arms to defend themselves in case the Indians should attack "them.

"As I was returning home I heard news that grieved me exceed"ingly. I was told that two or three furious Men amongst us had "Killed three or four Indian Friends & hurt two Girls. I went back "mourning, & sent out Men to take the Murtherers, who were ac"cordingly taken, & they are now in Irons in a Dungeon to be tried "by the Laws of the Great King of all the English, as if they had

"Killed so many of his own Subjects. I have likewise caused "Search to be made for the dead Bodies, & two Women were found "murthered, who by my order were laid in a Grave and covered "with Shirts & Strowds. I hear likewise that the dead Body of an "Indian man has been found & is buried.

"You Know there are wicked People among all Nations; there are ill People amongst you, & you are sometimes forced to putt "them to Death. The English are a great People, & there are like"wise wicked men amongst them. I mourn for this Misfortune, & "will do all I can to comfort the Relations of the Dead when I see "them, which I hope will be at Philadelphia with Sassoonan & Ope

"kasset.

"About eight months agoe I received an account that an English man was Killed by some Indians, at the House of John Burt, in "Snake town. I heard John Burt was very abusive to the Indians, "and I sent to apprehend him, but he fled; if he can be taken he "will be punished. But since there was a Man Killed, we expect "the Indians will doe us Justice by apprehending the Murtherers "that they may be punished, for we must be just and faithfull to "each other, that this Spot may be wiped away & the Chain be "kept bright & clean.

"You know, My Brethren, that one Link of the Chain is, that "when the Indians are uneasy they should tell it to us, & when we are uneasy we will tell it to them. I therefore desire your Hearts, may be open, that I may know if you have any Cause of Grief "which I will endeavour to remove, for I am your Brother.

"I have issued a Proclamation requiring all our People to use you "well which shall be read unto you before I goe away. I will pre"vent any Hurt being done to our Friends the Indians, because "those who do not behave themselves agreeable to what is therein "commanded, will be severely punished.

At a Council held at the Indian Town of Conestogoe, May 27th, 1728.

PRESENT:

The Honble PATRICK GORDON, Esqr., Licut Governr.

And the same as before.

TAWENNA in the Name, & on the Behalf of all the Indians present spoke to the Governour, which was rendered into English by John Scull, Interpreter, & is as follows:

Give Ear my Brethren of Philadelphia, the Conestogoe Indians, the Shawanese, the Ganawese & Delawares have somewhat to say, which they will speak presently.

They say they look upon the Governour as if William Penn himself were present. They are four Nations & among them there are several foolish People, as if they were just sprung from the Earth; But that since their first friendship with William Penn, they never have received any Wrong or Injury from him or any of his People. That several foolish People among them committed Follies and