Out of the Past EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF HON. A. WILLIS ROBERTSON OF VIRGINIA IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Saturday, April 18, 1964 Mr. ROBERTSON. Mr. President, the Lexington Gazette, recently consolidated with the Rockbridge County News under the name of the News-Gazette, is one of the oldest newspapers of continuous circulation in Virginia and indeed in the South. Each week it publishes interesting items in its columns from the files of previous years. In its issue of April 15, the News-Gazette published from the columns of the Lexington Gazette, of April 18, 1889, an account of how a Republican President from Ohio named Benjamin Harrison offered an appointment as Postmaster. at Lexington, Va., to the widow of the immortal Confederate leader, "Stonewall" Jackson. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that three brief news items from the Lexington Gazette of April 18, 1889, which were printed in the News-Gazette of April 15, 1964, may be printed in the Appendix of the RECORD. There being no objection, the article was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: OUT OF THE PAST: 75 YEARs Ago, Our postmaster, Mr. John A. R. Varner, has had a mailbox placed on the lamp post at the Effinger Corner, where parties can drop their mail, and it will be taken to the office in time for the next mail departure. A Confederate veteran says he has seen 10,000 snowballs in the air at once. It was at Guinea's Station near Fredericksburg, in the winter of 1863. The snow was a foot Appendix deep, and the snow-balling commenced between Company A, 2d Georgia, who opened on the Cherokee Brown Rifles, and it did not end until the whole of Lee's army had taken a hand at it. It is understood that in response to the letter of Mrs. T. J. Jackson, declining the Lexington (Va.) postmastership, President Harrison has written the great "Stonewall's" widow a very pleasant letter. LAWS RELATIVE TO THE PRINTING OF DOCUMENTS document not already provided for by law, Either House may order the printing of a but only when the same shall be accompanied by an estimate from the Public Printer as to the probable cost thereof. Any executive department, bureau, board or independent office of the Government submitting reports or documents in response to inquiries from Congress shall submit therewith an estimate of the probable cost of printing the usual number. Nothing in this section relating to estimates shall apply to reports or documents not exceeding 50 pages (U.S. Code, title 44, sec. 140, p. 1938). Resolutions for printing extra copies, when presented to either House, shall be referred immediately to the Committee on House Administration of the House of Representatives or the Committee on Rules and Administration of the Senate, who, in making their report, shall give the probable cost of the proposed printing upon the estimate of the Public Printer, and no extra copies shall be printed before such committee has reported (U.S. Code, title 44, sec. 133, p. 1937). CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY The Public Printer, under the direction of the Joint Committee on Printing, may print for sale, at a price sufficient to reimburse the expenses of such printing, the current Congressional Directory. No sale shall be made on credit (U.S. Code, title 44, sec. 150, p. 1939). GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS FOR SALE Additional copies of Government publications are offered for sale to the public by the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C., at cost thereof as determined by the Public Printer plus 50 percent: Provided, That a discount of not to exceed 25 percent may be allowed to authorized bookdealers and quantity purchasers, but such printing shall not interfere with the prompt execution of work for the Government. The Superintendent of Documents shall prescribe the terms and conditions under which he may authorize the resale of Government publications by bookdealers, and he may designate any Government officer his agent for the sale of Government publications under such regulations as shall be agreed upon by the Superintendent of Documents and the head of the respective department or establishment of the Government (U.S. Code, title 44, sec. 72a, Supp. 2). RECORD OFFICE AT THE CAPITOL An office for the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, with Mr. Raymond F. Noyes in charge, is located in room H-112, House wing, where orders will be received for subscriptions to the RECORD at $1.50 per month or for single copies at 1 cent for eight pages (minimum charge of 3 cents). Also, orders from Members of Congress to purchase reprints from the RECORD should be processed through this office. PRINTING OF CONGRESSIONAL RECORD EXTRACTS It shall be lawful for the Public Printer to print and deliver upon the order of any Senator, Representative, or Delegate, extracts from the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, the person ordering the same paying the cost thereof (U.S. Code, title 44, sec. 185, p. 1942). CHANGE OF RESIDENCE Senators, Representatives, and Delegates who have changed their residences will please give information thereof to the Government Printing Office, that their addresses may be correctly given in the RECORD. A1931 Grabowski, Bernard F., Conn. Grant, George M., Ala-4801 Conn. Ave. Green, Edith (Mrs.), Oreg. Griffiths, Martha W. (Mrs.), Mich. Gross, H. R., Iowa Grover, James R., Jr., N.Y__ Gurney, Edward J., Fla.. Hagen, Harlan, Calif.. Haley, James A., Fla------- Halleck, Charles A., Ind.--4926 Upton St. Halpern, Seymour, N.Y. Hanna, Richard T., Calif___ (Mrs.), Wash. Harding, Ralph R., Idaho__ Wyo. 1627 Myrtle St. Holland, Elmer J., Pa.... Hull, W. R., Jr., Mo...... Hutchinson, Edward, Mich. Ichord, Richard (Dick), Mo. Jarman, John, Okla...--. Jennings, W. Pat, Va...---- Ave. NE. Jensen, Ben F., Iowa.____2120 16th St. Edwards, Don, Calif Elliott, Carl, Ala_ Silver Spring, Md. Ellsworth, Robert F., Kans Everett, Robert A., Tenn___ Evins, Joe L., Tenn__-Fallon, George H., Md.__ Farbstein, Leonard, N.Y___ Fascell, Dante B., Fla__ Joelson, Charles S., N.J____ 5044 Klingle St. Feighan, Michael A., Ohio. Findley, Paul, Ill. 4301 Mass. Ave. Finnegan, Edward R., Ill_-_ Brademas, John, Ind.. Fino, Paul A., N.Y. Calvert-Woodley Bolling, Richard, Mo------307 Warrenton Dr., Bolton, Frances P. (Mrs.), 2301 Wyo. Ave. Ohio. Bolton, Oliver P., Ohio____ Bonner, Herbert C., N.C_Calvert-Woodley Bow, Frank T., Ohio......- Flood, Daniel J., Pa_-_-_-_The Congressional Flynt, John J., Jr., Ga---- Fogarty, John E., R.I______1235 New House Office Building Ford, Gerald R., Mich_514 Crown View Dr., Alexandria, Va. The Westchester Foreman, Ed, Tex- N.J. Friedel, Samuel N., Md.-- Fulton, James G., Pa.-- Fulton, Richard, Tenn---Fuqua, Don, Fla___ Gallagher, Cornelius E., N.J. Garmatz, Edward A., Md_ Gary, J. Vaughan, Va_----Gathings, E. C., Ark_ Giaimo, Robert N., Conn-- Gibbons, Sam, Fla___. Gilbert, Jacob H., N.Y.. Gill, Thomas P., Hawaii____ Glenn, Milton W., N.J_ -- Gonzalez, Henry B., Tex-_-200 C St. SE. Goodell, Charles E., N.Y___3842 Macomb St. Goodling, George A., Pa___. 111 Keith, Hastings, Mass.----5906 Harwick Rd, Keogh, Eugene J., N.Y_____The Mayflower Kilgore, Joe M., Tex King, Carleton J., N.Y.. King, Cecil R., Calif Kirwan, Michael J., Ohio__ Kluczynski, John C., Ill....... Knox, Victor A., Mich. Kyl, John, Iowa.. Laird, Melvin R., Wis. Landrum, Phil M., Ga_____ Langen, Odin, Minn............ Lankford, Richard E., Md.... Latta, Delbert L., Ohio.. Leggett, Robert L., Calif_ Lennon, Alton, N.C... Lesinski, John, Mich. Libonati, Roland V., III. Lindsay, John V., N.Y. Lipscomb, Glenard P., Calif. 4807 Newport Quality Stabilization Vitally Needed EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF HON. CATHERINE MAY OF WASHINGTON IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, April 20, 1964 Mrs. MAY. Mr. Speaker, despite special interest attacks on the quality stabilization bill, the fact remains that those who know the American independent retail economy best-our Nation's inretailers dependent themselves-are strongly supporting this legislation. Recently Mr. J. H. Fultz, of Moses Lake, Wash., whose knowledge of conditions in the retail market comes from a lifetime of firsthand experience, made a comprehensive analysis of current trends in our retail economy. His conclusion that quality stabilization vitally needed to stem the tide of retail monopoly and to save the small retailer deserves the serious consideration of every Member of Congress. is I ask, under unanimous consent, that this excellent argument on behalf of our free enterprise retail system be included at this point in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: I MOSES LAKE,, WASH., February 25, 1964.GENTLEMEN: I have been in the retail business all my life for over 40 years. trust that you will agree that after this long on the frontline I must have learned something: perhaps, something that the policymakers of our country profit from listening to. Although I have a bachelor of science degree, much of what I have come to know has been the hard way. I have learned through facing the everyday problems that have confronted the businessman during these changing 40 years; during, before, and after the depression of 1929; during, before, and after the fair-trade laws. For some reason, beyond my understanding, many of the established traditions in business since Lincoln's and Washington's times, long before any of the present policy makers were born, have come under attack. These established practices have served well and usefully over the years; and, suddenly, we find them condemned. Condemned, not by the businessmen, but by "economic theorists" who are creating havoc. The custom of printing the selling price on many patented items and of listing this suggested price along with the cost price in price sheets and catalogs has been done since long before you and I were born. It builds confidence in the customers' minds that the local merchant is not overcharging; in fact, it prevents overcharging as the correct price is clearly printed on the article. It also facilitates the handling of the item in stock as it can be checked in by the "greenest" clerk with assurance that it is price correctly when it reaches the shelf. Thus, this procedure lowers the cost of doing business. It stops confusion and puts order into selling. Appendix The basic price, at retail, to the consumer is established on every article in commerce at the time of its manufacture. The first thing a manufacturer must figure when launching a competitive article on the market is the price at which it will have to sell to the consumer, at retail, in view of similar items, for similar items for similar use already on the market. Then, he hopes he can manufacture and promote it and still offer it to the wholesaler and retailer at a price margin that will interest them in handling the item. Obviously, every effort is made to be competitively priced. Why, then, do we kid ourselves that the retailer or anybody, except the manufacturer-sets the price to the consumer? Why not legalize this fact by passage of the quality stabilization law? The retailers and wholesalers of this country are averaging less than 5 percent profit. So, obviously, they could not change that basic price-much. Franchise distribution is about the only thing that is keeping half the small businesses in business today. Now, apparently, franchise distribution has become a sin. I trust you will pardon me if I state that I am of the opinion that there are a lot of men messing around with this problem that haven't the slightest idea of the magnitude or effects on this country that their misdirected activities will bring. Over one-half of all retail and service institutions in this country are small businesses that are hard pressed to make a profit. It won't take much messing around with this How do you to put them out of business. expect a man to operate without retail price lists? Does it make sense to first obliterate all guides and then see how long it will take him-and how much expense it will take him to reestablish them? Or, do you expect him just to guess? I cannot think of a business that operates without price lists. I am afraid there is far too much tendency to appraise the business profit picture by taking the activities of a few dozen publicly financed giant corporations, forgetting that half the business of this country is done by the small business operator. The combined effects of this on the economy is very great and is often overlooked. It is here that you will find the reason why all measures so far attempted to cure the unemployment of the country have failed. Lack of sufficient profit percentage by the majority of small business operators in this country is producing the unemployment and is preventing expansion of small business in job-producing ventures. I cannot say too strongly how much I am alarmed at some of this opposition to what is needed in the business world to bring about job producing investments and to produce a healthy business community so absolutely necessary to a healthy America and full employment and prosperity. I am appalled at the destruction of fair-trade laws with the blessings of many in this administration and the opposition of many to the proposed quality stabilization bill, now in Congress awaiting passage. This opposition, to me, seems to indicate that many men in high places and in a position to form our legislation are dangerously unaware of the needs of the small businessman and the consequent effects that this undermining of business will have upon the welfare of every man, woman, and child in this country. If this country is to remain the America as we have always known it, where any man no matter how humble his beginning, can have a reasonable chance through intelligence and hard work to become successful through operation of his own small business; if our future generations are to have any choice except to work for a giant corporation, controlled by giant labor unions, then we must take steps now to preserve the small business operators' chances to survive, to make a legitimate profit and to expand into job producing ventures. We must quit throwing obtacles in his path to make a profit. We offer some reasonable Queensbury rules to protect him from ruthless, predatory, unscrupulous, destructive, under-the-counter, and underhanded practices. We need the quality stabilization law, now proposed. Legitimate profit is the foundation stone of our economy. It is the lubricant our economy runs on. Let us not pull out the foundation stone or see the lubricant so thinned down that it can no longer perform its function. Somewhere in this country during the last few years, there has emerged the unfortunate view that "profit" is a nasty word. This viewpoint can and will paralyze our economy in this country if not corrected; if not washed from the minds of our Congressmen and economic advisers who shape our national policies. The viewpoint that profit is a nasty word is made to order to destroy the Western capitalistic system of economy. Once this system is discredited, what other system is there to look to? If the Communists have not been behind this selling job that "profit is a nasty word," if they have not created this idea in the minds of many of our people, then someone else has surely done their job for them. Nothing could destroy our capitalistic form of economy more quickly. I feel that we have lost sight of a basic fact that jobs are created from profit; 900 out of every 1,000 jobs in this country. A few Queensbury rules will no more destroy competition in business than those rules destroyed competition in boxing. It will force efficiency by eliminating unfair, destructive, parasitic practices. We need a few "house rules" and "stake limits" in this no-limit poker game we call business before the biggest pocketbooks pick up all the chips. The biggest pocketbook will always win in a "no-limit" poker game and efficiency at the game won't necessarily have anything to do with it. Why legislate that I cannot burn out my competitor or murder him, but withhold restrictions on my removing him by another means I can devise by opposing all attempts to regulate destructive practices in business? There are numerous other unjust and unfair methods to destroy him besides murder and arson, a multitude of unfair practices unregulated today. Is there anything basically wrong with a few rules of fair play in business? Are unrestricted, destructive, parasitic price wars beneficial to our economy? For evil to win-it is only necessary that good men remain silent. The quality stabilization law is not a price gouging law; but, rather it is a stop-loss law, designed to make businesses win or lose through efficiency, fairplay, honesty, and sound policies. It is needed badly in safeguarding the economy of this country. Over the last 10 years average percentage net profits in business in this country have declined from just over 7 percent to just over 8 percent. (Dun & Bradstreet figures.) It is significant that unemployment has risen by almost the reverse percentagefrom 3 to 7 percent in that same 10 years. Since jobs are made from profit, is this too surprising? Isn't the solution to unemployment obvious? All attempts to cure the unemployment problem will fail until profits are high enough to warrant investment of private risk capital in job producing business ventures by the small businessman, who produces perhaps 50 percent of all the jobs in America. I refer to profit-not extortion. Business competition will take care of extortion so long as there isn't monopoly. Monopoly is created when business is allowed to destroy its competition because of lack of "Queensbury rules" to prevent it; such as, the quality stabilization law now proposed. Twenty years ago 400 large corporations produced 50 percent of the retail sales in America. Today, 200 large corporations produce 50 percent of the retail sales in America. And tomorrow? It has been estimated that within 10 years 100 large corporations will produce 50 percent of the retail sales in America. Did I hear anyone say that a monopoly is not developing in America? There is certainly nothing wrong with any merchant selling any item formerly foreign to his type of operation. There is nothing wrong with the one-stop concept of retailing; but, when the other guy's line is put in, to deliberately sell it at a loss, as a traffic builder, then this is another thing. How many other guys can be hurt before bankruptcy and lost jobs occur? How long before the economy of the whole community is effected adversely as these lowering profits soon mushroom throughout the whole community and result in a sick economy where more jobs are lost and business confidence wanes and investment in job producing ventures ceases. The quality stabilization law is bady needed to clean up this mess. Can such tactics be anything but destructive? Do you think they should have the blessing of our Government? The public loves price wars. They love the bankruptcy bargains these price wars bring on. They shed narry a tear for the businessman who has lost his shirt nor for his employees who have lost their jobs. But, this jubilation is the offspring of ignorance. Ignorance of the fact that with every bankruptcy their own job security is lessened just that much. Ignorance of the fact that with every decline in business prosperity in their community their own chance of a wage increase is lessened just that much and their chance of even having a job is lessened. Ignorance of the fact that their property values have also dropped in a "sick" community. Ignorance of the fact that the chances of their children getting jobs when they enter the labor market is also lessened. This is the kind of prosperity that unrestricted price wars bring. What is efficient about selling a large percentage of your stock below your cost of doing it? Why should it be allowed-unless one is definitely discontinuing it? Any purchase made by a consumer which results in a loss to the seller is only under mining that purchaser's welfare in the long run by jeopardizing profits. It is jeopardizing jobs-his job. He is, in effect, "digging his own economic grave" with every such bargain purchase. Jobs are made from profits-your job and mine; we must not forget it. There is plenty of precedent for protection of profits. The producers have their tariffs. The farmers have their parity prices. Labor has its collective bargaining and minimum wage laws are labor's fair trade laws on labor's selling price. All are necessary to a one of the outstanding educational institutions of the State of Kentucky. There being no objection, the speech degree, at least, and I am not criticizing and article were ordered to be printed them. What I do protest is the consistent refusal to offer any protection to the retailers, one of the largest economic divisions of our economy. Dogs fighting in the street are offered more protection than our businessmen on that same street. Common decent people will protest at a vicious dogflight and stop it; but will the same people stop a destructive fight between two local merchants? They will not, because they do not understand or even see much of what is going on. They do not realize such tactics undermine their own welfare. It is up to our Congressmen, who should be able to see the significance of it, to step in and offer some reasonable protection to break up these destructive practices in business that are undermining a large segment of our national economy, destroying profits and jobs. It is up to good men of intelligence to get behind the quality stabilization law, so well designed to do the job. It would be a tragedy if this opportunity is lost because good men remained silent or did not understand the issues. Any sale by the retailer to the consumer at a loss is self-defeating, and will ultimately do the consumer more harm than good, by undermining his job and economic welfare of the community. Loss leader selling is destructive and has no sound place in our economy and should be regulated by law because it undermines the economy. Profit is the lubricant that keeps our economic machine running. We need the quality stabilization law to keep the selfish and ignorant from wrecking the machine to gain a temporary advantage at the expense of the economy. Respectfully, J. H. FULTZ. "Foreign Aid and the American Image❞— Address by Dr. B. H. Jarman, President, Pikeville College, Pikeville, Ky. EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF HON. JOHN SHERMAN COOPER OF KENTUCKY IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Monday, April 20, 1964 Mr. COOPER. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent to have printed in the Appendix of the RECORD the text of a speech entitled "Foreign Aid and the American Image," delivered by Dr. B. H. Jarman, president of Pikeville College, Pikeville, Ky., before Kentucky representatives of the Circle K-KiwanisClub at the Jenny Wiley State Park. The speech received an enthusiastic response from the audience and throughout Kentucky. I also ask unanimous consent to have printed in the Appendix of the RECORD, following Dr. Jarman's speech, an article entitled "President at College Is Named," written by Gerald Griffin, and published in the Louisville CourierJournal of January 30, 1964. The article relates to the appointment of Burnice H. Jarman as president of Pikeville College, in the RECORD, as follows: FOREIGN AID AND THE AMERICAN IMAGE (By B. H. Jarman, A.M., Ed. D., Litt. D., President, Pikeville College, Pikeville, Ky.) Mass media, coupled with a growing interest in psychological knowledge, have made us Americans very conscious of our image both at home and abroad. Each organized group, business, and manufactured product makes every effort to create a favorable image to the public, the electorate, the consumer, and the man in the street. Vested interests spend more money on mass media to create a favorable image than on lobbying to secure favored legislation. In the current cold war waged to win men's minds and loyalties for the free world, the concept of image is as potent a weapon as ideology, guns, and bread. What is the image abroad of the American and the United States? Can our image be improved? If so, how? My 2 years with the Agency for International Development of the U.S. Department of State took me into 16 countries and covered some 30,000 miles while circumnavigating the globe. I reached five conclusions concerning our foreign relations and aid: 1. Dollar diplomacy has failed. Friends, either individuals or countries, cannot be bought. Santa Claus (Uncle Sam) is regarded as a mean old man of wealth, who can and should give more. Instead of gratitude for our economic and technical aid there is found more often dislike and even contempt for the United States. 2. You cannot help people who do not wish to be helped or who are unwilling to help themselves. Why waste American personnel and materiel on foreign peoples who are both unwilling to work or to fight for survival? 3. Regardless of the source, private or public, it takes risk capital to produce new wealth. We, too often, have supplied both the dollars and taken the risks that have gone into new factories and industries. While professing to teach emerging peoples American competition and free enterprise, we have in practice taught them socialism. In Korea, alone, the landscape is dotted by abandoned factories built with American capital. These visible failures are eternal monuments to American stupidity and lack of business acu men. 4. The Communists can build roads, schools, factories, and dams cheaper than we can because they use slave labor. Americans have only one unique commodity to sell the world-freedom and human dignity. These concepts, however, must be earned and learned. Freedom is never a gift, but is a conquest. 5. Americans must differentiate clearly between foreign aid designed to help foreign countries and the aid given to foreign countries in order to keep our domestic economy from slumping. Much of the ingratitude of peoples receiving foreign aid is owing to their belief that the aid given helps the Americans more than it does them. There is now, in my opinion, no single American image abroad. There is rather a blurred image of three pictures. Sooner or later, however, one of these images will emerge clearly as the American image. One blurred image depicts us Americans as being timid, confused, and just plain stupid. We have no consistent policy, we throw our dollars away with reckless abandon, and we do not know what is happening. In Korea, for example, where we have invested some $6 billion and 30,000 American lives, there is little to show for the invest ment. In spite of the presence of the Eighth Army, the American Embassy, the Agency for International Development (USOM), the U.S. Information Service, and our private business people and missionaries, both the student revolution that overthrew the Rhee government in 1960 and the military coup d'etat that overthrew the second republic found us Americans completely surprised. From Panama to Tokyo we do not know what is going on. Although World War II ended in 1945, many nations have yet to choose between the free world and Iron Curtain nations. How long do we give them to make up their minds? Their indecision pays off handsomely. By working both sides of the street they receive both Soviet and American aid. Between two-thirds and three-fourths of our aid dollars have gone to the so-called neutral countries. The American image of free elections, representative government, and human dignity is blurred by our relations with the world's most notorious dictators-Chiang, Tito, and Franco. The American image of integrity, courage, and will to fight for the things we believe in is blurred by our being blackmailed by the Pakistani and Indians, and the Spaniards remembers the and Yugoslavians. Who words of Pinckney raised against the Barbary Pirates, "We have millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute"? The second American image abroad is created by our mass communications-press, radio, and motion pictures. Hollywood productions picture us Americans as hoods, sadists, gangsters, criminals, and sex perverts. The printed word and radio dwell on our failures in human relations, particularly those with minority groups. The press has just about convinced us at home that as a people we are no good and that as a nation we have had our day. How tragic that in our time of crises our press cannot remain both free and responsible. The third American image is created by the many fine Americans who represent us abroad-personnel in our diplomatic and Armed Forces, and our nongovernmental citizens who may be tourists, missionaries, or business people. For the most part they represent us for what we primarily areGod fearing, law abiding, hard working, and peace loving. American leadership, if not American survival, is at stake. Let us create an American image based on fundamental principles. I suggest the following principles be considered: 1. Let us be more concerned with gaining the world's respect than in expecting others to love us. No great nation has ever been, or will ever be, loved. Egypt, Babylonia, Persia, Greece, Rome, Spain, Germany, Japan, and England were never loved. Respect must be earned through policies and programs that are equitably and efficiently administered. Respect comes through good communications, refusal to compromise our principles, and courage to act. 2. Let us cease our wishful thinking that a counterrevolution will destroy the U.S.S.R. or that China and Russia will demolish one another, or that the puppet states will revolt successfully against the Kremlin. The cold war will be with us a long time, perhaps for generations. 3. Let us cease trying to remake the world into replicas of the United States. In spite of Magna Carta in 1215 and Jamestown in 1607, we Americans still have grave differences as to what democracy is and how it should be expressed. It takes time for a people newly emerged to learn new concepts, develop leaders, and to establish sound governments. What is good for the United States is not necessarily good for the Congo, Venezuela, or Korea. Are we going to destroy any nation that disagrees with us politically and economically? American arrogance must be replaced with realism. 4. Let us set up a list of priorities that the United States can accomplish, done in terms of our physical and human resources and insist that the United Nations do the rest. A suggested list of priorities might begin with the United States and possessions, followed by the Western Hemisphere, and the NATO nations. Although we would not like to pull out of Asia and Africa, we cannot hope to do the entire job alone. The U.N. must take up the slack. 5. Let us not economically "kill the goose that laid the golden egg" as was done in the ancient fairy tale. Our dwindling gold reserves, the mounting national debt, rising inflation, increased military costs, and orgies of spending for space can destroy us as effectively as triumphant invading enemy troops. 6. Let us insist on a free, but responsible, press. We need to put our best foot forward. We do not need to launder our soiled linen abroad. In spite of our failures in human relations, minority peoples living in the United States are infinitely better treated politically, economically, and socially than in any other country. Why not stress the positive? Why not stress our victories over ignorance, poverty, and intolerance? 7. Let us exchange diplomatic expediency for respected diplomatic principles. Expediency lost Cuba to the free world. Does the Monroe Doctrine still exist? 8. Let us stop being blackmailed by the "neutral" nations. Pakistan and India must decide which side they are on. No one can justify aid to such Iron Curtain nations as Poland and Yugoslavia. No one can justify continuing aid to economically sound countries such as France, West Germany, and England. 9. Let us frankly recognize the need for enlightened self-interest in giving foreign aid. Any good business venture should benefit all parties. Hard-nosed diplomacy, as with hard-nosed football, wins victories. 10. Let us insist that only those Americans, governmental and nongovernmental, represent us abroad who can create the kind of American image we want pictured to the rest of the world. Democracy cannot be sold by salesmen who do not understand it, love it, and live it. Finally, my tour with AID taught me three important things about our divided world today. First, the differences between peoples are much less than their likenesses. Asians and Africans want the same things that we westerners want-hope for a better tomorrow for our children; a world characterized by law and justice; a world without the threat of war; a world devoid of hunger and unemployment; and a world where all men enjoy human dignity. Second, of the three greatest causes of war-communism, overpopulation, and the impatience of people living in the newly emerging countries to get both freedom and material goods-communism places a poor gain. The American image can and must be changed. PRESIDENT AT COLLEGE IS NAMED: PIKEVILLE GETS PROFESSOR IN WASHINGTON (By Gerald Griffin) LEXINGTON, KY., January 30.-Dr. Burnice H. Jarman, professor of education at George Washington University, Washington, has been named president of Pikeville College. The announcement was made Wednesday by the Reverend James W. Angell, chairman of the college's board of trustees and pastor of Second Presbyterian Church here. The college at Pikeville is a Presbyterianrelated institution. Dr. Jarman has been on the George Washington faculty since 1939. He succeeds Dr. A. A. Page, now of Mount Sterling, who resigned effective December 31 after more than 21 years as president. IN ADMINISTRATION POSTS Besides teaching courses in the history and philosophy of education, Dr. Jarman has held several administrative posts at the university. He served as registrar, secretary of the faculties, assistant to the president, and dean of the summer sessions. From February 1960, until February 1962, he served as chief adviser on higher education to the Ministry of Education, Government of Korea, under sponsorship of the U.S. Department of State and Seoul National University. Ewha University, world's largest women's university, conferred on him the honorary degree of doctor of letters. Before going to George Washington, Dr. Jarman was on the faculty of St. Alban's School in Washington. From 1941 until 1945 he was director of instruction for the Arlington County, Va. schools. SERVED AS CONSULTANT Dr. Jarman has served with the U.S. Office of Education and has been a consultant to many Federal agencies, including the National Security Agency, the Air Force, and the Naval and Army Dental Schools. He is an honorary member of the faculty of the Command Management School, Fort Belvoir, Va. He received a bachelor of science degree from Westchester, Pa. State College, and holds master of arts and doctor of education degrees from George Washington. He is a member of Omicron Delta Kappa, National leadership fraternity; Phi Delta Kappa, education professional organization, and Pi Gamma Mu, national social-science society. Dr. Jarman is married and the father of two children. third. One human being in every two lives Panama Flag in Canal Zone: Violation of in China, India, and Burma. Nuclear war is a lesser fear to them than hunger. New emerged people do not wish to wait, work, or earn what it took westerners centuries to achieve. Third, the altruism of youth may upset the time schedules of both East and West. I saw with my own eyes the brave college youth of Korea face with bare hands the armed police. Many of them died, but they caused the downfall of an inept and corrupt government. Youth everywhere are restless. They seek a life that matters. They are not bound to past traditions. The country's image, East or West, that succeeds in capturing youth's imagination and loyalty is the nation that will control the world of tomorrow. A genuine and lasting American image must be based on fact and not fancy. Let us exchange our vices for our virtues-play for work, expediency for principles, cynicism for idealism, and personal greed for brotherhood. Such an exchange adds up to a smart bar International Usage EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF HON. DANIEL J. FLOOD OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, April 20, 1964 Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, the recent discourteous raising in the Canal Zone of the Panama flag at full mast on request of President Chiari of Panama at the time the U.S. flag was at half mast in respect to the late General MacArthur, was shocking even to residents of the Canal Zone. In view of the specific provisions of the flag code governing display of the flag, which all high school students and |