PARTIAL LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS, VOL. VII.

Estoppel, .

Eviction, .
Evidence,.

Ex Post Facto Laws, .

Executions,

CHARLES A. ROBBINS, of the Lincoln (Neb.)
Bar.

GEORGE W. WARVELLE, of the Chicago Bar.
WILLIAM M. MCKINNEY, Associate Editor
Am. & Eng. R. R. Cases.

CHARLES A. ROBBINS, of the Lincoln
(Neb.) Bar.

W. F. ELLIOTT, of the Indianapolis Bar. Executors and Administrators, HOWARD Wurts Page, of the Philadelphia

Exemplary Damages, .

Exemplification,

Expatriation,

Bar.

Hon. THOMAS C. GREEN, of the Supreme
Court of West Va.

HENRY J. HANCOCK, of the Philadephia Bar.
WILLIAM J.CARR, of the Brooklyn, N.Y., Bar.

Expert and Opinion Evidence,. W. W. THORNTON, of the Crawfordsville

(Ind.) Bar.

H. T. ROWLAND, of the Rochester (N. Y.)
Bar.

JAMES M. KERR, of the Rochester (N. Y.)

Bar.

D. B. VAN SYCKEL, of the Kansas City
(Kan.) Bar.

JAMES M. KERR, of the Rochester (N. Y.)
Bar.

E. S. DANIELS, of the Chattanooga (Tenn.)
Bar.

TABLE OF TITLES AND DEFINITIONS.

See index for numerous sub-titles and definitions contained in the notes.

EXCISE LAWS, see Intoxicating Liquors EXPERT AND OPINION EVIDENCE, 490

Executor De Son Tort, see Executors and Express, 538

THE

AMERICAN AND ENGLISH

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF LAW.

ESTIMATE, 1

ESTOPPEL. See also COVENANTS, DECREES, DEEDS, ELECTION, JUDGMENTS, LACHES, LANDLORD AND TENANT, LIMITATIONS, RECORD, WAIVER, etc.

L. Definition.
II. By Record.

1. Of Legislature, 2.

2. Of Court, 2.

a. Generally, 2.

b. Pleadings, 2.

c. Verdict, 3.
d. Judgment, 3.

III. By Deed.

1. To whom it applies, 3.

2. When it does not apply, 5

3. To what it applies, 7.

a. Recitals, etc., 7.

b. Title by Estoppel, 9.

IV. By Matters in Pais.

L. Definition. An estoppel is the preclusion of a person from asserting a fact by previous conduct, inconsistent therewith on his own part, or the part of those under whom he claims, or by an adjudication upon his rights which he cannot be allowed to call in question.2

1. A verdict for the plaintiff, estimating instead of assessing his damages at a specified sum, is sufficiently formal and definite to support a judgment in his favor for the sum specified. Said the court: "These words are equivalent, and either may be used. They mean 'to fix' the amount of damages, or the value of the thing to be ascertained. This is enough. Webster Unabr., words Assess' and ' "Estimate." Roddy v. McGetrick, 49 Ala. 159.

2. Bouv. Law Dict. For other definitions see Russell v. Colyer, 4 Heisk. (Tenn.) 192; Dakin v. Anderson, 18 Ind. 54; Pence v. Arbuckle, 22 Minn. 420; International Bank v. German Bank, 3 Mo. App. 371; 7 C. of L.-1

1

Demarest v. Hopper, 2 Zab. (N. J.) 619;
Haynes v. Stevens, 11 N. H. 31; Sparrow v.
Kingman, 1 N. Y. 256; Sharpley v. Abbott,
42 N. Y. 447; Ruse v. Mut. Ben. Lf. Ins.
Co., 26 Barb (N. Y.) 561; Reynolds v.
Garner, 66 Barb. (N. Y.) 312; Frost v.
Saratoga Mut, Ins. Co., 5 Den. (N. Y.) 157;
Norton v. Kearney, 10 Wis. 453; Mich.
Ins. Bank v. Eldred, 6 Biss. (U. S.) 373.

"Estoppel in pais may be defined to be a right arising from acts, admissions, or conduct which have induced a change of position in accordance with the real or apparent intention of the party against whom they alleged." Big. on Estop. (4th ed.) 445