STATISTICS OF POPULATION. CENSUS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1840. Official epitome of the whole population of the states and territories of the United States, exhibiting the general aggregate amount of each description of persons, by classes. White persons included in the foregoing, who are deaf and dumb, under fourteen years of age,. .17,062,566 1,919 White persons included in the foregoing, who are blind,......... White persons included in the foregoing, who are deaf and dumb, over twentyfive,......... White persons included in the foregoing, who are deaf and dumb, of fourteen and under twenty-five,... 2,056 2,707 5,024 White persons included in the foregoing, who are insane and idiots, at public charge, 4,329 White persons included in the foregoing, who are insane and idiots, at private charge,........ 10,179 Total number of persons employed in mining,...... 15,203 Total number of persons employed in agriculture,.. .3,717,756 Total number of persons employed in commerce, 117,575 Total number of persons employed in manufactures and trades, 791,545 56,025 Total number of persons employed in navigation of canals, lakes, and rivers,.. Slaves and colored persons included in the foregoing, who are deaf and dumb, Slaves and colored persons included in the foregoing, who are insane and idiots, Total number of pensioners for revolutionary or military services,.. Total number of students in academies and grammar schools,. Total number of white persons over twenty years of age, who cannot read and write,............. Total number of persons on board of vessels of war in the United States naval service, June 1, 1840, 6,100; thus making the total aggregate of the population of the United States 17,068,666. VALUE PER HEAD OF THE PRODUCTS OF THE UNITED STATES. We published, in the September number of this magazine, a table from the depart. ment of state, showing the value of the agricultural productions in the several states of the Union, excepting Kentucky, Michigan, and North Carolina. With the aid of this table, the editor of the St. Louis Gazette has made "an estimate of the money value of the several products, and placed the result side by side with the population of the states respectively, to show the yield per head, in round numbers." It will be seen by the following table that only four states produce more than $100 to each head of the population, viz: Vermont, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Louisiana. Of these, Vermont takes the lead, and must certainly be considered the most enterprising, industrious, and thrifty agricultural state in the Union. Massachusetts is lowest in the scale; but that state is engaged extensively in commerce and manufactures. The states most devoted to planting and farming, or whose products are chiefly agricultural, are mostly the southern and western. All the New England and middle states, as also Ohio, are very considerable manufacturers, and the most of them have a large commercial and navigation interest-causes which operate to draw away hands from agriculture. The average production per capitum is $87 50. Fourteen members of the Union size above this average, the remaining ten below it. States. Maine,.... New Hampsh. Vermont,...... Massachus'tts, Rhode Island, Connecticut,... $34,720,000 501,793 769 Georgia, 3,745,800 108,830 34 Alabama,.... 22,945,000 309,948 74 Mississippi,.... New York,... 238,800,000 2,428,921 98 Missouri, New Jersey,... 35,911,000 373,308 95 Indiana,... Pennsylvania, 136,249,000 1,721,033 79 Illinois,. Delaware,...... Maryland, Virginia,... So. Carolina,.. 6,027,000 78,085 78 Arkansas,.. 43,846,200 469,232 93 Iowa,........ 102,177,000 1,239,797 82 D. of Columb. 49,117,800 594,398 82 tion. Per FACTS IN REGARD TO THE CENSUS OF THE UNITED STATES. The editor of the Cincinnati Chronicle has been examining the six returns of the cen sus, taken at intervals of ten years each since the adoption of the constitution. The investigations show some curious facts: 1. The population of the United States increases exactly 34 per cent each ten years, and which doubles every twenty-four years. The law is so uniform and permanent, that when applied to the population of 1790, and brought down to the present time, it produces nearly the very result as shown by the census of 1840. And thus we may tell with great accuracy what will be the census of 1850. It will be nearly twenty-three millions. 2. But although this is the aggregate result, it is by no means true of each particular part of the country, for New England increases at the rate of 15 per cent each ten years, while the northwestern states increase 100 per cent in that period. 3. The slave population increased at 30 per cent, but since at less than 25 per cent. The free population have, however, increased at the rate of 36 per cent. At this rate, therefore, the difference between the free and slave population is constantly increasing. 4. Another fact is that the colored population increase just in proportion to the distance south; and that slavery is certainly and rapidly decreasing in the states bordering on the free states. This state of things continued, would, in half a century, extinguish slavery in these states, and concentrate the whole black population of the United States on the Gulf of Mexico, and the adjacent states on the southern Atlantic. PRUSSIAN-RHENISH POPULATION. The Dusseldorf Gazette gives the following statistical account of the population of the Prussian-Rhenish provinces : "In 1826 it amounted to only 1,849,711 souls, but in 1840 had increased to 2,550,553, without reckoning the district of St. Wendel, which contains 36,499. Thus there has been an increase of 664,343 souls, or 35 per cent, in the space of twenty-four years. It is composed of 1,929,660 Roman Catholics; 593,353 Protestants; 1,318 Mnemonites, and 26,222 Jews. The department of Dusseldorf alone counts 802,998 inhabitants. The males amount to 1,278,637." MERCANTILE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION OF NEW YORK. We have great pleasure in laying before our readers the syllabus, in part, of the 15th annual course of Lectures to be delivered at Clinton Hall, during the present season. From the topics so far selected, and the distinguished character of the lecturers, we anticipate a rich and interesting series. We would here take occasion to add, that the 21st anniversary of this noble institution will be celebrated on Tuesday the ninth of the present month, by an oration from the Hon. WILLIAM INGLIS of New York, and a poem by Mr. WILLIAM CUTTER, a member of the association. It is understood also, that a supper is to be provided on the occasion; and we would respectfully suggest, that the board of managers, in view of the progress of the great temperance movement of the day, follow the example of the American Institute at their recent celebration, by omitting the use of the "flowing bowl," "a custom more honored in the breach than the observance." FIFTEENTH ANNUAL COURSE OF LECTURES TO BE DELIVERED AT CLINTON HALL, ON TUESDAY EVENING OF EACH WEEK, COMMENCING NOVEMBER 16TH. Introductory-By DAVID PAUL BROWN, Esq., of Philadelphia. One Lecture-Hon. A. BRUYN HASBROUCK, (President Rutgers College, New Jersey.) One Lecture-ELIHU BURRITT, A.M., of Massachusetts, (the learned blacksmith)—“ Is a Roman patriotism congenial with the republican principles or the spirit of our institutions ?" One Lecture-Hon. GEORGE M. DALLAS, of Pennsylvania, (late United States minister to Russia,) on "Russia." One Lecture-Rev. J. M. WAINWRIGHT, D.D. Two Lectures-Major G. TOCHMAN, (a Polish exile,) Professor, tucky, on the "History and Revolution of Poland." College, Ken One Lecture-JOSEPH R. CHANDLER, Esq., of Philadelphia, on "Maternal Affection." One Lecture-Rev. HENRY W. BELLOWS, on "Manners and Morals of a Republic." Two Lectures-Professor SILLIMAN-1st, "A Sketch of the Structure of the Earth, in cluding the leading facts of Geology." 2d, "Theory of the powers and operations by which the arrangement One Lecture-WILLIAM L. STONE, Esq., on the "Buccaniers of America." One Lecture-JOHN NEAL, Esq., of Portland, on "Self Reliance." One Lecture-Granville Sharp PATTISON, M.D., (Professor University Medical School,) LYFORD'S PRICE CURRENT. In the Merchants' Magazine for June, 1841, we published a valuable table of flour inspections in Baltimore for the last forty-two years, which we omitted to credit to the "Baltimore Commercial Journal, and Lyford's Price Current," the paper in which it originally appeared. We embrace this opportunity of correcting the omission, and at the same time of expressing our admiration of the industry and ability displayed by Mr Ly. ford in the conduct of that excellent commercial journal. No work of the kind is more generally quoted abroad for its accurate and just review of the markets, as well as its carefully compiled and useful tables. We shall be happy to receive subscribers for it, and forward their names to the worthy publisher. An interesting and important paper on "Morocco, and its Facilities for American Commercial Enterprise," and another on "The British Corn Laws," are unavoidably deferred, but will appear in the December number of this magazine. HUNT'S MERCHANTS' MAGAZINE. DECEMBER, 1841. ART. I.-MOROCCO, AND ITS FACILITIES FOR AMERICAN COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISE. MOROCCO-NATURE OF ITS GOVERNMENT-POPULATION OF THE EMPIRE-ITS HARBORS AND PORTS-EXPORT AND IMPORT DUTIES-THE MERCHANTS OF MOROCCO-CHARACTER OF THE TRADE AS AT PRESENT CONDUCTED-SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVING AND INCREASING THE TRADE-TRADE WITH WEDNOON, AND TO THE COAST SOUTH OF MOROCCO. If we consider the situation of the empire of Morocco, its proximity to the civilized communities of Europe, the value of the commercial relations it already sustains with them, and the vast resources of the country, which a properly directed spirit of enterprise might now easily and rapidly develop, it seems really astonishing that the commercial men of our country have hitherto, with a few fortunate exceptions, almost wholly neglected so promising a field for the exercise of that business tact and talent, which is gradually insuring them a trading pre-eminence in the most distant and barbarous countries in the world. This neglect can only be accounted for by the scanty and unsatisfactory nature of our information respecting Maghrib el Acsa, or the extreme west, as the empire of Morocco is called by its inhabitants. Neither its vicinity to Europe, nor an active commerce carried on with it for many ages by the most enlightened European nations, have made them even moderately well acquainted with the geography, the natural history, or the antiquities of one of the most interesting countries on the face of the globe. It has been justly observed by Mr. Matra, an English consul at Morocco, that there have been more books written on Barbary than on any other country, and yet there is no country with which we are so little acquainted. Since Mr. Matra's time, a number of new books have appeared, but without affecting the truth of his observation, or its applicability to the present time. In this country the ignorance is still more profound; and it may be safely asserted that there is no country, of the same extent and importance, of which our notions in respect to the nature of the government, the condition and habits of the people, the products of the soil, the physical geography of the country, the facilities for trade, and the character of the harbors and ports, are so very far from |