The Politics of Military Reform in Post-Suharto Indonesia: Elite Conflict, Nationalism, and Institutional ResistanceEast-West Center Washington, 2006 - 86 halaman This study discusses the process of military reform in Indonesia after the fall of Suharto?s New Order regime in 1998. The extent of Indonesia?s progress in this area has been the subject of heated debate, both in Indonesia and in Western capitals. Human rights organizations and critical academics, on the one hand, have argued that the reforms implemented so far have been largely superficial, and that Indonesia?s armed forces remain a highly problematic institution. Foreign proponents of military assistance to Indonesia, on the other hand, have asserted that the military has undergone radical change, as evidenced by its complete extraction from political institutions. This study evaluates the state of military reform eight years after the end of authoritarian rule, pointing to both significant achievements and serious shortcomings. Although the armed forces in the new democratic polity no longer function as the backbone of a powerful centralist regime and have lost many of their previous privileges, the military has been able to protect its core institutional interests by successfully fending off demands to reform the territorial command structure. As the military?s primary source of political influence and off-budget revenue, the persistence of the territorial system has ensured that the Indonesian armed forces have not been fully subordinated to democratic civilian control. This ambiguous transition outcome so far poses difficult challenges to domestic and foreign policymakers, who have to find ways of effectively engaging with the military to drive the reform process forward.This is the twenty-third publication in Policy Studies, a peer-reviewed East-West Center Washington series that presents scholarly analysis of key contemporary domestic and international political, economic, and strategic issues affecting Asia in a policy relevant manner. |
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The Habibie | 10 |
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Istilah dan frasa umum
Abdurrahman Wahid affairs Agus Wirahadikusumah Amien Rais appoint armed forces leadership Army Chief Asia Author's interview authority B. J. Habibie Chief of Staff civil society civil-military relations civilian control civilian elite concessions conflict Democracy democratic transition Department of Defense despite East Timor East-West Center East-West Center Washington economic elections electoral first-generation reforms Free Aceh Movement Golkar Habibie government Habibie's human rights implemented Indonesian Military initiatives intracivilian itary Jakarta Post Komando Kompas Kostrad Liddle Matori Abdul Djalil Megawati ment mili military elite military reform military's Militer minister October officer corps opponents Order Parliament political elite postauthoritarian transition Prabowo presidential rapid reformers reform agenda reform process regime change retired military officers role Ryamizard Ryacudu security sector senior separatist September strategic Suara Suara Pembaruan Sudarsono Suharto's fall Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono tary territorial command structure territorial system tion TNI commander TNI's units Wahid presidency Widjojo Wiranto
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