Human MotivationCUP Archive, 1987 - 663 halaman Human Motivation, originally published in 1987, offers a broad overview of theory and research from the perspective of a distinguished psychologist whose creative empirical studies of human motives span forty years. David McClelland describes methods for measuring motives, the development of motives out of natural incentives and the relationship of motives to emotions, to values and to performance under a variety of conditions. He examines four major motive systems - achievement, power, affiliation and avoidance - reviewing and evaluating research on how these motive systems affect behaviour. Scientific understanding of motives and their interaction, he argues, contributes to understanding of such diverse and important phenomena as the rise and fall of civilisations, the underlying causes of war, the rate of economic development, the nature of leadership, the reasons for authoritarian or democratic governing styles, the determinants of success in management and the factors responsible for health and illness. Students and instructors alike will find this book an exciting and readable presentation of the psychology of human motivation. |
Isi
Conscious and Unconscious Motives | 3 |
Are Unconscious Motives Important? | 25 |
3 | 32 |
Part 2 | 47 |
Part 4 | 51 |
Important Motive Systems | 221 |
The Affiliative Motives | 333 |
Measuring the Sexual Motive in Fantasy | 341 |
Contextual Effects on Human Motives | 413 |
Cognitive Effects on Motivation | 473 |
How Motives Interact with Values and Skills to Determine What | 514 |
How the Achievement Motive Skill and Achievement Values Affect | 522 |
The Distinction Between Motives and Intents | 544 |
Milestones in the Progress Toward a Scientific Understanding | 587 |
Accumulated Knowledge About Three Important Human Motive | 595 |
Some Issues Needing Further Clarification | 601 |
Characteristics of People with a Strong Need for Affiliation | 348 |
The Intimacy Motive | 359 |
The Affiliative Motives and Health | 366 |
The Avoidance Motives | 373 |
Bibliography | 609 |
Acknowledgments | 641 |
Edisi yang lain - Lihat semua
Human Motivation: A Book of Readings David Clarence McClelland,Robert S. Steele Tampilan cuplikan - 1973 |
Istilah dan frasa umum
Achievement levels achievement motive Achievement score activity Affiliation score affiliative motive aggressive anxiety aroused motive associated Atkinson behavior behaviorist better catecholamine Chapter characteristics cognitive correlation cues developed difficult dream drive eating effect emotions epinephrine example expected experiment experimenter fact fantasy Figure Freud goal Heckhausen high anxiety high in n high n Achievement high n Power higher human motives impact important incentive value increase individuals Inhibition intimacy motive learning low in n male McClelland measure moderate mother motivation training motive dispositions motive levels motive scores motive strength n Affiliation natural incentives negative norepinephrine opponent process performance power motive Power score predict probability of success psychosexual stages response reward self-report sensitive sexual arousal sign stimuli significantly situation Social Psychology Stage standard score subjects high subjects low Table task Test Anxiety theory thought tion tive variables women