Early Islam: A Critical Reconstruction Based on Contemporary SourcesKarl-Heinz Ohlig Prometheus Books, 2013 - 647 halaman This successor volume to The Hidden Origins of Islam (edited by Karl-Heinz Ohlig and Gerd-R. Puin) continues the pioneering research begun in the first volume into the earliest development of Islam. Using coins, commemorative building inscriptions, and a rigorous linguistic analysis of the Koran along with Persian and Christian literature from the seventh and eighth centuries--when Islam was in its formative stages--five expert contributors attempt a reconstruction of this critical time period. Despite the scholarly nature of their work, the implications of their discoveries are startling: -Islam originally emerged as a sect of Christianity. -Its central theological tenets were influenced by a pre-Nicean, Syrian Christianity. -Aramaic, the common language throughout the Near East for many centuries and the language of Syrian Christianity, significantly influenced the Arabic script and vocabulary used in the Koran. -Finally, it was not until the end of the eighth and ninth centuries that Islam formed as a separate religion, and the Koran underwent a period of historical development of at least 200 years.Controversial and highly intriguing, this critical historical analysis reveals the beginning of Islam in a completely new light. |
Isi
14 | |
Evidence of a New Religion in Christian Literature | 176 |
From muḥammad Jesus to Prophet of the Arabs | 251 |
Read Anew Islam and Parsism Islamisme | 339 |
The Influence of Persian Religious Patterns | 357 |
New Ways of Qurānic Research From | 369 |
ENDNOTES | 556 |
Evidence of a New Religion in Christian Literature | 597 |
From muḥammad Jesus | 614 |
Relics of SyroAramaic letter | 620 |
Istilah dan frasa umum
9th century Abbasid Abd al-Malik Abdallah Abraham according al-Ma'mun Allah Amir al-mu'minin apocalyptic appears Arabic Aramaic attested Avestan Berlin biblical Byzantine Byzantium caliph Christ Christian Christological Christoph Luxenberg coinage coins concept consonant context Damascus depiction dialects divine Dome dynasty East edition emperor Empire English eschatological example German Geschichte Ghassanids Greek Hebrew Heraclius ibid inscription interpretation Iran Iranian Islam Ismaelites Jerusalem Jesus king Koran Koren Kosrow language later Latin linguistic Lord Mahdi manuscripts meaning Mecca Medina mentioned messianic Middle Persian modern Moses Mu'awiya Muḥammad Muslim Nevo notion Ohlig oral original Paret phoneme pronunciation prophet Pseudo-Methodius Qur'an Qur'ānic recitation refers Reinick religion religious Rock Roman rule ruler Sanskrit Saracens Sassanian script Semitic Semitic languages spelling Suermann surah Syriac Syro-Aramaic term Testament traditional literature translation Ugaritic Umayyad verse vowel word writing system written